國小社會領域教科書政治軍事類型人物學習內容之探究：以臺灣史為例   全文下載 更多文章

The Research on Political and Military Figures in Textbooks of Social Studies in Elementary School – A Case Study of History of Taiwanese

長期以來，人物介紹是歷史教科書的主角，且政治軍事類型人物占大多數。本文以2012年三個版本的國小社會領域教科書第6冊為研究範圍，探究臺灣政治軍事類型人物的文本特色，並批判其缺失。
經研究發現，選擇人物的標準以抗爭失敗、奠定政權、建設有功的類型為主。其次，重要事蹟及國族貢獻是人物論述的主體，且呈現單一向度完人的典型。文本顯而易見的缺失有：歌頌建國有功、抵抗外族的偉人而避談外族、強調服務國族而忽視人群、容易落入善惡對立的立場，以及淪為背誦記憶而無助於培養思考能力。

The introduction of significant figures, especially political and military figures, has been an essential part of history textbooks for a long time. This paper tries to discuss three current versions of elementary school social studies textbooks, seeking to analyze the features of texts on political and military figures in Taiwanese history, and further discover whether there are any controversial elements in the content of textbooks.
The results show that the criteria for selection of political and military figures in history textbooks seem to be that they have engaged in failed antigovernment uprisings, that they have established new regimes, or that they have improved the country’s development and prosperity. The main themes of discourse relating to these figures were their important achievements and their contribution to the nation, typically presenting them as monodimensional characters without flaw. Furthermore, a number of controversial issues are evident in the textbooks, including an emphasis on nationalist ideology, an absence of discussion of people of other nationalities, encouraging loyalty to the nation rather than to society, and the establishment of dichotomies between good and evil. These features are not helpful in cultivating the ability to think, and simply encourage students to rote learn content.